The ‘diathesis process’ refers to all phenomena that blood vessels are blocked, damaged, or torn away. A cerebrovascular disease includes a cerebral infarction, a cerebral embolism, an internal cerebral hemorrhage, a subarachnoid hemorrhage, an arteriovenous malformation, a moyamoya disease, etc. Especially, a stroke shows the local nervous symptoms that sharply occur, called a ‘cerebral apoplexy.’ The ‘cerebral apoplexy’ etymologically refers to a syndrome that the patient suddenly falls in a semi-conscious state, due to circulation problems with the brain. This disease means the case when one side of the patient’ body is paralyzed, but it usually refers to a cerebrovascular accident. Thus, a cerebral apoplexy is a general term of all cerebrovascular diseases. The cerebral apoplexy is largely divided into an ischemic stroke (cerebral infarction) in which cerebrovasculars are blocked and a hemorrhagic stroke (cerebral hemorrhage) in which cerebrovasculars suddenly burst. The ischemic stroke is mainly caused by blood clots and embolus of cerebral arteries and carotid arteries due to atherosclerosis.

The cerebral hemorrhage usually occurs due to protopathic cerebral hemorrhage resulting from high blood pressure and acquired - cerebrovascular malformation. In case of the cerebral infarction as an ischemic stroke which dominates a majority of the cerebral apoplexy, if the patient visits the hospital early and the diagnosis is made in an early stage, the patient comes to receive thrombolysys treatment. If the symptom is not serious or the disease has lasted long, antithrombotic agents are administered without thrombolysys treatment. Then, rehabilitation treatment is provided to keep cerebral infarction from progressing, to prevent it from reoccurring, and to improve the state.

In case of the cerebral hemorrhage, if the bleeding is not large, a medication is administered to lower blood pressure. Then, rehabilitation treatment is intensively given. But of the blooding is serious, it is considered to apply a surgical operation.

In the treatment process, a number of stroke patients die of complications such as pneumonia, urinary infection, bed sore, acute myocardial infarction, etc., rather than encephalopathy itself, or the brain damage gets worse. For these reasons, it is necessary to consider rehabilitation treatment from the first stage, the peak period. In this disease, even if the patient passes through a fatal crisis, neurological disability may remain, so the rehabilitation is an important purpose in raising the quality of the patient’s life.

Once the stroke occurs, a case fatality rate is high and the patient has neurological disability for a constancy. Thus, prevention is the best treatment above all. And for this, it is required to thoroughly manage risk factors including high blood pressure, hyperlipemia, auricular filbrillation, obesity, smoking, etc. Especially, those who have experienced a stroke may have it again, compared with those who have not. Thus, if he or she has had any virulence for a stroke - even if a minor symptom – it is necessary to prevent it from reoccurring.

Apart from the general state mentioned above, the precedence symptom occurring before a stroke starts is called a ‘preceding stroke symptom.’ The preceding stroke symptom includes a variety of symptoms such as diplegia, parethesia, facial palsy, chest tightness, vomit, dizziness, headaches, flushing, heat, failure of memory, etc. Of those, dizziness, headaches, flushing, and stupor are main symptoms. If these symptoms suddenly occur or constantly happen, it is required to immediately to check out the state through stroke diagnosis and MRI testing and carry out stroke management and treatment.

In addition, recently an incidence rate of cerebrovascular diseases increases and an incidence rate of dementia also rises high. The dementia is a disease with the disability of diverse mental functions, such as failure of memory, problems with language ability, aphasis, etc. These diseases are divided into Alzheimer typed degeneraive dementia occurring to the elderly and the blood vessel dementia caused by the aftermath of cerebrovascular diseases, and other dementias resulting from drugs. At present the dementia has no clear treatment, so a variety of medication treatments and non-medication ones are provided. To prevent the dementia, management is very important as seen in diabetes or high blood pressure. In an oriental medical approach, several treatments are attempted, which include oriental medicines to improve brain activities and to fulfill ventricle, as well acupuncture depending on oriental medicines and patient characteristics.